Sadasnje slozeno trajno vrijeme-Prezent Perfect ContinuOus Tense
2011-03-20 11:45
prezent perfekt glagola "to be" (have/has been) + prezent particip glavnog glagola
I have been playing
You have been working
Upitni oblik se pravi konverzijom: Have I been playing?
Odrični oblik se pravi dodavanjem riječi "not": I have not been playing.
Kada pišemo present continous, često se upotrebljavaju skraćenice:
I have been - I've been itd.
Present Perfect Continous Tense koristimo:
da izrazimo radnju koja je nedavno ili upravo završila. I obično imamo sada imamo
neku posljedicu:
I'm tired because I've been running.
past present future
!!!!!
radnja koja se desila
nedavno
sada imamo posljedicu -
I'm tired because I've running. (umoran sam (sada) jer sam trčao)
Why is the grass wet? Has it been raining? (zašto je trava vlažna (sada)? je li padala kiša?)
You don't understand because you haven't been listening. (ne razumijete (sada), jer niste
slušali).
da izrazimo radnju radnju koja je počela u prošlosti i nastavlja se u sadašnjosti, u
ovom slučaju često se koriste for i since:
I've been reading for two hours.
past present future
radnja počela u
prošlosti
nastavlja se u sadašnjosti
I've been reading for two hours. (čitam već dva sata, i još uvijek čitam)
How long have you been learning English? (koliko dugo učiš engleski? a još ga učiš)
We have not been smoking. (nismo pušili, a ni sada ne pušimo).
Kako je ranije napomenuto uz present perfect continuous često koristimo "for" i "since".
For koristimo kada pričamo o razdoblju vremena: 5 minuta, 7 sedmica, 20 godina.
Ako to razdoblje seže do sadašnjeg trenutka upotrebljavamo uz for perfekt, a ako je to
razdoblje završeno moramo upotrijebiti past simple (preterit).
Tara hasn't been feeling well for two weeks. (Tara se ne osjeća dobro već dvije sedmice)
ali
Tara didn't feel well for two weeks, and now she feels well. (Tara se nije dobro osjećala već
dvije sedmice, a sada se osjeća dobro).
Since koristimo kada znamo od koje vremenske tačke se odvija radnja: u 9 sati, 7. januara, u
petak.
for since
period vremena od vremenske tačke
20 minutes 6.15 am
three days Monday
six months January
a long time I left school
ever the beginning of time
itd. itd.
I've
I've been studying for three hours. (učim već tri sata)
I've been watching TV since 7pm. (gledam TV od 7 sati poslije podne)
Tara hasn't been visiting us since March. (Tara nas nije posjetila od Marta)
For se može koristiti u svim vremenima, since se obično koristi samo sa perfect vremenima.
to call - zvati
I have been calling I have not been calling have I been calling?
you have been calling you have not been calling have you been calling?
he, she, it has been calling he, she, it has not been
calling has he, she, it been calling?
we have been calling we have not been calling have we been calling?
you have been calling you have not been calling have you been calling?
they have been calling they have not been calling have they been calling?